Everything You Need to Know about 1N4002 Diode

The 1N4002 rectifier diode belongs to the 1N400x series, a family of general-purpose diodes. This series comprises diodes ranging from 1N4001 to 1N4007, with varying blocking voltages typically between 50 V and 1000 V. These diodes find common use in household appliances for AC adapters, rectification in electronic devices, and various applications such as voltage boosting and voltage blocking. This article provides an overview of the 1N4002 diode, covering its pin configuration, features, circuit operation, and applications.

What is the 1N4002 Diode?

The 1N4002 diode, hailing from the 1N400x diode family, is a versatile electronic component. It finds extensive application in electronic devices, primarily for rectification, and plays a pivotal role in functions like voltage blocking and enhancement.

Capable of accommodating a maximum reverse voltage of 100V and a continuous current of up to 1A, the 1N4002 diode boasts a surge peak rating of 30A. The reverse current, a mere 5uA, can be considered negligible. Furthermore, it exhibits remarkable resilience, withstanding peak reverse voltages of up to 100V.

1N4002 Pinout

Pinout Configuration

The pin configuration of the 1N4002 diode is illustrated below. This diode features a pair of pins, each with its designated purpose, as detailed further. The schematic symbol for the 1N4002 diode is provided. Notably, the diode's cathode terminal is identifiable by a band on its body, a key indicator that allows current to flow in a single direction, specifically from the anode terminal to the cathode.

Pin No.	Pin Name	Description
1	Anode	The current flow direction is always through the anode terminal
2	Cathode	The flow of current will exist throughout the cathode

CAD Model

Symbol

Footprint

3D Model

1N4002 Features

• The diode handles an average forward current of 1A while exhibiting a reverse current of 5uA.

• Additionally, it boasts a non-repetitive peak current rating of 30A and can withstand repetitive reverse voltages of up to 100V.

• Furthermore, it is available in a DO-41 Package type and features a 70V RMS (Root Mean Square) reverse voltage. You can also find diode versions in both DO-41 and SMD packages.

• This diode's reverse current leakage property significantly reduces its leakage.

• Moreover, it possesses a diffused junction and can dissipate a maximum power of 3W.

• The diode performs optimally within a temperature range from -55 degrees to +175 degrees Celsius.

1N4002 Specifications

Type	Parameter
Average forward current	1A
Non-repetitive Peak  current	30A
Reverse current	5uA
RMS reverse voltage	70V
Peak repetitive Reverse voltage	100V
Package	DO-41

1N4002 Advantages

• It exhibits a minimal forward voltage drop during operation.

• It possesses a remarkable capacity to handle high forward surge currents.

• It demonstrates very low reverse leakage.

• It is cost-effective in terms of construction.

• It comes with a guaranteed capability for high-temperature soldering.

1N4002 Equivalents

1N4002 Equivalent Diodes include 1N4148, 1N4733A, 1N5408, 1N5822, Zener Diodes. Also, any diode from the 1N400x series is a viable alternative to the 1N4002. The 1N4003, 1N4004, 1N4005, 1N4006, and 1N4007 are just a few examples of diodes within this series.

How to Protect/Safely Run a 1N4002 Diode

To ensure the protection and proper operation of a 1N4002 diode within a circuit, the following considerations are essential:

1. Sustain a circuit above 100V, while consistently operating within the maximum specified values for optimal and enduring diode performance.

2. Verify the pin-out connections of the diode before soldering it into the circuit to prevent any connectivity issues.

3. Ensure that the load does not exceed 1000mA, keeping it within the diode's recommended current limits.

4. Always maintain the temperature within the range of -55°C to +175°C to preserve the diode's functionality and longevity.

LM338 IC Protection Circuit using 1N4002 Diode

Below is the circuit for protecting the LM338 IC, which includes using a 1N4002 diode. This circuit primarily employs an IC regulator and external capacitors. In specific scenarios, including a protective diode becomes necessary to safeguard low-current components within the IC regulator.

Key components in this circuit comprise the LM338 IC, 1N4002 diodes, capacitors (C1 and C2), and resistors (R1 and R2). Once the two capacitors in the circuit discharge, they offer minimal internal series resistance, allowing them to deliver spikes of up to 20A when shorted. While these surges are brief, they carry sufficient energy to damage all the integrated circuit components potentially.

In this circuit, the output capacitor, such as C1, is connected to the regulator. When the input is shorted, the output capacitor discharges into the regulator's output. To protect the regulator circuits from these current spikes, two 1N4002 diodes (D1 and D2) are utilized to absorb the surge.

The magnitude of the discharge current depends on three key factors: the capacitor's value, the regulator's output voltage, and the rate of decrease in the input voltage.

The LM138 IC features a broad junction for discharging, capable of handling a 25A surge without issues. For output voltages below 15V and output capacitors of 100 uF or less, diodes are unnecessary. The bypass capacitor, such as C2 on the adjustment terminal, can discharge through a lower current junction.

In the event of input or output short-circuits, discharge occurs, and an internal resistor within the LM318 IC can limit the peak discharge current. For capacitance levels below 10 mF or output voltages of 25V or less, protection is not required. The circuit illustrated above employs an LM138 IC with protective diodes for output voltages exceeding 25V and maximum output capacitance values.

Where to use 1N4002

The 1N4002 diode finds utility in forming a bridge to convert AC voltage into DC, although the process necessitates the inclusion of filter capacitors for effective rectification. Beyond its rectification role, it can be deployed for tasks such as suppressing voltage surges, impeding undesired current flow, and even amplifying voltage, among other functions.

1N4002 Applications

The versatile applications of the 1N4002 diode include:

• Adapters

• Resolving reverse polarity concerns

• AC to DC conversion

• Current flow control in controllers

• Battery charger circuits

• Signal processing

• Power supply units for electronic devices

• Power management

• Safeguarding electronic components

• Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifiers (HWRs & FWRs)

• Voltage blocking

• Device protection

• Mitigation of reverse polarity issues

1N4002 vs 1N4007

There are main differences between 1N4002 and 1N4007 diodes:

1. Contrasting the 1N4007 with a 1000V peak repetitive reverse voltage, the 1N4002 stands at 50V.

2. Additionally, the 1N4007 diode boasts a 700V reverse RMS voltage, whereas the 1N4002 settles at 35V.

3. Furthermore, the 1N4007 displays an 8pF junction capacitance, as opposed to the 15pF in the 1N4002.

In addition to these distinctions, the maximum forward current of these diodes differs. Nonetheless, they belong to the same diode family and can be employed interchangeably depending on the circuit's peak discharge current requirements.

1N4002 Package

1N4002 Datasheet

Download 1N4002 Datasheet PDF.

Conclusion

Electronic devices necessitate the inclusion of diodes like the 1N4002 to control the flow of electrical current. Throughout our in-depth examination of the 1N4002 diode, we've comprehensively addressed various essential aspects. As we discuss the 1N4002 diode to a close, we'll now tackle some frequently asked questions concerning diodes and their diverse applications.

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